On the second class of gross sales, programmatic gross sales, the courtroom dominated in favor of Ripple, arguing that Howe’s third, “expectation of revenue,” was not met. “The programmatic sale of Ripple was a blind bid/ask transaction,” the courtroom wrote, “and the programmatic consumers couldn’t have identified that their cash was paid to Ripple, or another vendor of XRP” and thus ” A programmatic purchaser stood in “the identical sneakers as a secondary market purchaser who did not know who or what he was giving his cash to.”